In this issue:
Plant regeneration from shoot tips of wheat Triticum aestivum L.
Bavol A.V., Dubrovna O.V., Lyalko I.I. P.3-10
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The processes of callusogenesis and regeneration of plants in culture of shoot apices of various genotypes of bread wheat of winter and summer types has been investigated. At the studied forms it is noted genotyping dependence of processes formation of shoots in vitro. Influence of a stage of development donor materials on regeneration potential of culture has been analyzed. At сallus, cultivated on the medium with picloram, the tendency to increase of frequency of regeneration is revealed.
Key words: Triticum aestivum L., shoot tips, picloram, callusogenesis, plant regeneration.
Formation of barley collection based on androgenesis in vitro response and its application in genetic and biotechnological investigations
Belinskaya E. V.P.11-20
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The results of many year lasting study on the capability to callus, embryoid production and plant regeneration in anther culture in vitro in 104 barley cultivars and lines differed in their origin, biological and agronomical traits have been summarized. High responsive genotypes with a number of embryogenic anthers on the level of 60 % and a rate of green plant regeneration on the level of 25–50 % have been selected. Spring barley collection based on androgenetic response including genotypes with different combination of culture ability characters has been formed. Data concerning the use of genotypes possessing contrast capability to androgenesis in vitro in the experiments aimed to study the genetic control of morphogenesis in anther culture in vitro and development of haploid induction technology have been presented.
Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., barley, anther culture in vitro, genotype, capability to androgenesis in vitro, collection, biotechnology.
The perspective of the heterogeneous crosses method application in colored mink breeding
Vagyn Yu.V.P.21-26
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The economic effectiveness of the application of interstock crosses of M. vision ppAa females and ppaa males is demonstrated. It has been reached due to a high reproducibility of ppAa females and enhanced fecundity, viability and growth rate of their posterity. At the same time the decrease output of ppaa kits, which had more valuable fur, has been registered. In general, the results obtained allowed to recommend the heterogeneous crosses in the commodity production of the mink fur.
Key words: heterogeneous crosses, the sapphire mink and the silver-blue mink.
Investigation of cell targets sensitive to lectin’s effect by use of transcription in vitro
Karpova I.S., Koretska N.V., Palchikovska L.G., Negrutska V.V. P.27-32
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Isolation of isolectins from B. subtilis culture medium and extract of the S.nigra inflorescences have been performed using isoelectric focusing without carrier ampholytes (autofocusing). Fractions active in agglutination tests with different carbohydrate specificity were subjected to SDS-PAGE. At least two different isolectins were present in the material under study, one with positive and second with negative charge. For negatively charged variants of both bacterial and plant isolectins it was shown the ability to inhibit the transcription in vitro. It is supposed that one of the common targets sensitive to lectins may be the DNA-dependent synthesis of RNA.
Key words: lectins, transcription in vitro, autofocusing, Sambucus nigra, Bacillus subtilis.
Free proline content of soybean cell lines cultivated under stress pressure of various agents
Mykhalskaya S.I., Sergeeva L.E. P.33-38
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On selective media with toxic concentrations of barium-ions resistant cell lines of soybean were obtained. The resistant clones are cultivated under stress pressure of various agents: barium-ions, sea water salts, sodium sulfate. The levels of free proline were measured in soybean calli. The levels of free proline in resistant and control cells during cultivation on selective media with the addition of barium-ions were low. Under salinity conditions free proline contents in cell lines essentially differed. The proline level of control line was low, during its cultivation on the medium, with the addition of Na2SO4. Such proline level in resistant cells was observed during its cultivation on medium with the addition of sea water salts. The alternative type of the salinity provoked contrary cell reactions. It is assumed the realization of different resistant mechanisms.
Key words: soybean, barium ions, salinity, proline.
Effects of interactions genotype:weather growing condinions in sweet corn inbreds as to productivity and general elements of its structure
Movchan T.D., Tymchouk S.M., Ponurenko S.G., Tymchouk V.M.P.39-47
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In three-year trials there were analyzed the productivity and general elements of its structure in sweet corn indreds on the basis of mutations su1, se and sh2. It is established that the carriers of mutation sh2 had the decreased productivity and 1000 seeds’ weight in comparison with the carriers of mutations su1 and se. Inbreds in the basis of each mutation differed significantly not only as to quantitative levels of productivity and the elements of its structure but as to their own reactions on the weather growing conditions also. The inbreds with the high and stable levels of productivity and the elements of its structure in the different weather growing conditions were identified.
Key words: sweet corn, inbreds, productivity, genotype: environment interactions.
Anxiety manifestations variabilty among youth of different phenotypical groups
Pavlovich S. A., Bezrukov V.F. P.48-54
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The anxiety of 171 senior school pupils of Kamenets-Podolsky was studied. The phenotypical groups were formed being based on: sex, phenylthiocarbamide tasting, availability of dental medial diastema, widow’s peak, ability for tongue rolling, form of ear lobe. The statistically significant differences of anxiety’s manifestations for different sex and for groups with sensitivity for phenylthiocarbamide were detected. There were more individuals with the increased level of the general and personal anxiety among girls. Among the PTC+ persons we find more individuals with high level of general anxiety, than among PTC-. The differences between other phenotypical groups were statistically insignificant.
Key words: anxiety, sex differences, genetic markers, correlation genotype and phenotype, alternative traits, phenylthiocarbamide tasting.
Bacterial test system for the рrimary screening of рreрarates with anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activity
Рererva T.Р., Miryuta A.Yu., Mozhylevskaya L.Р.P.55-61
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On the basis of MS2-induced unstable mutant E.coli 3000-1 bacterial test-system intended for testing of anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic рroрerties of natural substancies was develoрed. This system reaction on the рresence of рreрarates with already known рroрerties corresрonds to data described in literature and obtained by us earlier. Рroрosed test-system may be considered as suitable one for revealing of anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities realising on the cell but not on the organism level.
Key words: test-system, E.coli, anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activity, рlant extracts.
P-element distribution in Ukrainian populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Protsenko O.V., Kozeretska D.I., Zhuk O.V., Kozeretska I.A.P.62-67
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It was demonstrated using PCR analysis that P-element copies exists in genome of Drosophila melanogaster from natural populations of Ukraine. A low level of gonad reduction can be considered as an evidence of absence or low of the mobile element activity in natural populations studied. A reduced level of recombination in females between the genes white (w, 1-1,5) and cut (ct, 1-20) indirectly indicates to some violation of homology in the corresponding sequences of homologous chromosomes, that can be a consequence of a different picture of the P-element copies insertion in X-chromosome in different populations.
Key words: P-element, Drosophila melanogaster.
Red clover (Trifolium prаtense L.) regeneration and micropropagation in vitro culture
Reshetnikov V.N., Fomenko T.I., Berdichevets L.G., Maljush M.K.P.68-76
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Investigation results on morphogenesis process of red clover (Trifolium pretense L.). different explants are presented. It was shown the advantage of cotyledonary nodes explants for active morphogenesis in vitro culture. Plant regeneration and micropropagation method of red clover cultivars was developed. Cultivar Vitebchanin has the most morphogenesis activity among investigated cultivars.
Key words: red clover, plant regeneration, micropropagation, in vitro culture.
The new method of genes’ interaction assesment in quantitative genetics of plants and his comparison with other methods
Sokolova E.I. P.77-84
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The method of two genes’ interaction assessment based upon the calculation of epistatical deviation and its statistical error is proposed. The experiments on Arabidopsis showed, that the new method appeared to be better in some aspects, then the wellknown ones, and the above mentioned new method met the tasks of managing the process of selection at selfpollinating plants.
Key words: interaction of genes, epistasis, additive action of genes, Arabidopsis.
Comparative analyses of DNA–binding proteins from graminiae and poaceae nuclei
Spiridovich H.V., Chyzhyk V.V., Yanovich D.L. P.85-91
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The method of afinity chromatography for DNA–binding proteins from cell nuclei of different taxons representatives – Gramineae (Secale cereale) and Fabaceae (Pisum sativum) – was adapted. By means of electrophoresis the high level of heterogeneity of DNA–binding protein fractions from Fabaceae and Gramineae was confirmed. The qualitative composition of corresponding protein fractions from two comparative plant species was essentially differ.
Key words:: DNA-binding proteins, nucleus, chromatography, electrophoresis.
Hair coat characteristics of bison (Bison bison L.) ? domestic cattle (Bos primigenius taurus L.) and bison ? banteng [Bos (Bibos) javanicus D’Alton] ? domestic cattle hybrids in comparition with initial species
Steklenev E. P., Chornobayeva T.M.P.92-103
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The hair coat of bison ? domestic cattle and bison ? banteng ? domestic cattle hybrids is characterized by great quantity of fine hair inherited from bison. It is restrained also in respectively great quantity in the hair coat of hybrids of the following generations received by crossing the hybrids females of I-II generations with mаles of domestic cattle, what preserves them from cold weather and wind mileage in winter period. Simultaneously with increasing of fine wool increases the number of guard and transitional hair of bison type with absence of a medulla what also promotes to rise resistance of hybrids to low temperatures. Considerable fading of fine hair and preservation of great quantity of guard and transitional hair with broken and compact medulla in spring and summer helps them to endure high temperatures in that period of the year.
Key words: bison, banteng, domestic cattle, hybrids, hair coat, coldresistance.
Evaluation of some Gentiana L. species tissue culture genetic variation
Twardovska M.O., Strashniuk N.M., Mel’nyk V.M., Kunakh V.A.P.104-111
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Cytogenetic analysis of tissue cultures generated from plants of Gentiana asclepiadea, G. cruciata, G. pneumonanthe, G. verna to be derived from different places of natural habitat has been carried out to reveal their mixoploidy. Cytogenetic structure of cell populations in vitro was found to vary with species and genotype of the original plants. Each callus tissue under study was highlighted to exhibit modal class with cells bearing both diploid and near-diploid chromosome sets. Among the species involved chromosome variability level was shown to be the lowest in G. verna tissue culture.
Key words: Gentiana L. species, plant tissue culture, cytogenetic analysis, mixoploidy, anaphase aberrations.
Peculiarities of heading dates of winter bread wheat following mutagene treatment
Khomenko S.O., Chugunkova T.V. P.112-119
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Analyze of cropping season duration up to heading dates of winter bread wheat F1M1 - F3M3 hybrid-mutant populations was carried out. Extension of the trait variation limits as compared with the control permitted to select early maturing form was revealed.
Key words: winter bread wheat, cropping season, mutagenesis.
Nodal goiter genetic analysis
Shtandel S.A., KarachentsevYu.I. , Khaziev V.V., Dubovik V.N., Svetlova-Kovalenko Ye.A. P.120-125
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On the genealogical data about 111 nodal goiter (NG) patients and their 1st degree relatives NG the genetic determination study was done. It has been shown, that the NG distribution in the population and families may well be described by means of a variants polygene model with essential influence of the major genes.
Key words: nodal goiter, heredity predisposition, D.Falconer’s threshold model.
Improvement of valuable mutants and varieties of winter wheat, created by method of chemical mutagenesis, concerning selection important caracters
Eiges N. S., Bekuzarova S. A., Manukjan I. R., Weisfeld L. I., Volchenko G. A., Abiev W. B. P.126-132
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Results of use chemical supermutagene ethylene imine on variety winter wheat PPG 186 concerning reception of the widest mutational variability. Some ways of the further improvement of mutants and mutant varieties are shown at intralinear selections.
Reviews
Achivements and prospects of development of plant breeding and animal breeding in Ukraine
Royik M.V., Korneyeva M.O.P.133-140
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Principal achiovements of breeding farm crops and animals in Ukraine are briefly dealt with; modern methods of their development are characterized; new elaborations in breeding as well as productivity potential of modern generation of plant varieties, hybrids and animal breeds are named. Conmection of scientific and applied heredity, laid in the past, with the development of the present-day breeding process is shown.
Key words: variety, hybrid, breed breedihg process, productivity potential, new methods.
Obtaine of DNA-probe swine CD11A gene
Khmeleva E.V.P.141-149
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For studying the place of localization and the role which the gene CD11A plays in swine metabolism DNA-probe was synthesized on the base of human primers and swine nucleosides in the conditions the Laboratory of molecular genetics of Veterinarian faculty of Cordoba University. In the result of PCR the copies of this sequence were amplificated and studied within electrophoresis in agarose gel.It was proved by laboratory way that this probe really corresponds by its content to the expected sequence of nucleosides and is able to the further hybridization with swine chromosomes for studying of the place of localization the gene CD11A through integrines with concrete reactions of swine metabolism.
Key words: metabolism, integrines, DNA-probe, PCR, ligation, transformation, competent cells, plasmid.
