In this issue:
Original papers
Baculovirus vectors Aс-CMV-GFP, Aс-M-GFP and Aс-IFN-GFP for eficient gene transfer to the mammalian cells
Anopriyenko О.V., Vagyna І.N., Zakharuk О.А., Strokovska L.І., Solomko О.P.P.3-9
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Recombinant baculovirus vectors Ac-CMV-GFP, Ac-M-GFP and Ac-IFN-GFP with different (CMV and CAG) regulatory elements promoting eGfp reporter gene and mouse ?-Ifn gene expression in mammalian cells have been constructed. Comparison of transduction efficiency of mouse and human cell lines by constructed baculovirus vectors has been carried out.
Key words: recombinant baculovirus, AcMNPV, transduction, gene therapy, ?-interferon, IFN-?.
Polymorphism for SSR of 3D chromosome loci among wheat genotypes, the alien powder mildew resistance gene (Pm) recipients
Antonyuk M.Z., Bodylyova M.V., Yephymenko T.S.P.10-17
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The results of microsatellite loci polymorphism studying among available diversity of common wheat genotypes aimed to identify promising recipient varieties, which could be used in crosses with introgressive common wheat lines that possess alien powdery mildew resistance gene on the Aurora variety genetic background are presented. The polymorphism in six microsatellite loci between 12 common wheat genotypes and Aurora genotype, as well as genome-substituted forms Aurosis, Aurolata, and Aurodes, is sufficient for development of such crossing combinations between varieties and resistant lines that could be utilized by means of BSA method with one of microsatellite locus studied.
Key words: common wheat, microsatellite analysis, introgressive lines, powdery mildew.
The activity of sucrose synthase and invertase of morphogenic and nonmorphogenic calli of maize (Zea mays L.) from immature zygotic embryos infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Matveyeva A.Y., Sackalo V.D., Kurchiy V.M., Tishchenko E.N.P.18-24
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Comparative analysis of ferments’ activity of both sucrose synthesis and hydrolysis in morphogenic and nonmorphogenic calli, induced from maize inbred lines 1555, 1568 and A188 immature embryos after its’ Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by strain LBA 4404 harboring the vector pCB002 with gene neomycinphosphotransferase II (nptII) were investigated. Significant activation for Km-tolerant morphogenic callus of the sucrose synthase in the sucrose synthesis reaction and invertase (vacuolar and cytoplasmatic) that include sucrose in the metabolism was observed. Important role of sucrose and its hydrolysis products at the cell’s growth and differentiation processes under Agrobacterium-mediated transformation have been shown by differential activity of morphogenic and nonmorphogenic Km-tolerant calli.
Key words: maize (Zea mays L.), Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, calli, sucrose synthase, invertase.
Polycyesis in mares: genetic and breeding aspects
Platonova N.P., Zagorulko L.I.P.25-30
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Considered genetic and breeding aspects polycyesis in mares. Established physiological characteristics polyovulation sex cycles. Investigated the effectiveness of ovulation stimulation human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).
Key words: horse breeding, polycyesis in mares, polyovulation, stimulate ovulation.
SSR marker development for the genes, controlling awnedness in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
Prokopyk D.O., Ternovskaya Т.К.P.31-40
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The genetic analysis of awned and awnless durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes after the traits awned spike and microsatellite loci, specific to 4A, 5A, and 6B chromosomes, was performed. It has been shown that dominant awn promoter Bn, which presence in awned durum wheat genotypes has been supposed in our previous studies, is located on 6B chromosome because it is linked with microsatellite locus Xbarc178, located on this chromosome, at a distance 27,5 cM.
Key words: durum wheat, awnedness, genetic analysis, Lod scores method, microsatellites.
Identification of Lr 34 gene resistance to the leaf rust in wheat variants, using microsatelliting marker
Radchenko A.N., Tichenko E.N.P.41-45
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Lr34 is one of high effective genes resistance of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to leaf rust – disease, which reduce yield and quality grains. Using microsatellite locus Xgwm 295, 13 sorts of wheat to identify the Lr34 gene are investigated. The variations of allelic composition of this locus are shown. Locus Xgwm 295 have alleles 240, 254, 280 b. Allele of 254 b, which is coupled with Lr34, present in the sorts of Zolotokolosa, Podolyanka, Glenlea, Saar.
Key words: brown blight, SSR-marker, wheat.
Carbon dioxide gas exchange and superoxide dismutase activity of flag leaves of different winter wheat varieties
Sokolovska-Sergienko O.G., Kiriziy D.A.P.46-50
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The net photosynthetic and photorespiration rate and chloroplast superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity dynamics in flag leaves of three winter wheat varieties differed in productivity – Mironovskaya 808, Smuglyanka and Favoritka were studied in flowering – milky-wax ripeness in pot experiment. It was shown, that more productive varieties were characterized by higher photorespiration rate and activity of primary enzyme of photosynthetic apparatus antioxidant defense system – chloroplast SOD, that is accompanied by enhanced net photosynthetic rate and promote more complete realization of their grain productivity potential.
Key words: Triticum aestivum L., varieties, photosynthesis, photorespiration, superoxide dismutase, productivity.
Hybridization of domestic goose with swan goose (Anser cygnoides L) and white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons Scop.)
Steklenev E.P.P.51-60
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The results of crossing of domestic goose with swan and white-fronted goose is relatively successful with normal fertilization of the eggs but reduced hatchability of nestlings which is conditioned by mortality of some hybrid germs. The hybrid males and females are predominantly fertile; the gametogenesis of them is active, though in some males the spermatogenesis finishes with the formation of relatively great quantity of pathological spermiens. The using of males with such spermatogenesis reduces the quantity of fertilized eggs and increases embryonic mortality of some germs.
Key words: domestic goose, swan goose, white-fronted goose, crossing, fertilization, embryonic mortality, spermatogenesis, fertility.
Genetical analysis of ancon gene in sheep population of tsigay breed
Khokhlov A.M.P.61-66
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For the first time in the conditions of Priazovje (South of Ukraine) in the population of Tsigay breed sheep the dominant mutation by ancon gene has been revealed. Frequency of the dominant gene occurrence is 3•10-5.
Key words: Gene, mutation, shortlegness, selection, breed.
Reviews
The features of human mitochondrial abnormality
Diomina E.P.66-71
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This article is concerned with the analysis of the present findings about the mechanisms of emergency and features of mitochondrial abnormality which lead to the difficulties in its diagnostics and therapy.
Key words: genes, mutation, mitochondrial abnormality.
Genetic and molecular aspects of male sterility of the beet
Dubrovna O.V., Lyalko I.I.P.72-80
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The results of theoretical and experimental researches of gene and cytoplasmic male sterility of the beet has been generalized. A current idea about the genetic control of gene sterility, molecular investigations into the mitochondrial genome of the given culture has been highlighted. Data on new types of sterile plasma for wild species of Beta has been presented.
Key words: Beta, gene and cytoplasmic male sterility, mitochondrial genome.
Drosophila melanogaster trasposable elements: distribution in natural populations
Kozeretska I.A.P.81-90
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The paper presents current data on population dynamics of individual transposons P and hobo, as well as non-LTR retrotransposon I, transposable elements of the heterochromatin, and the general mobile insertion pattern in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster.
Key words: Drosophila melanogaster, transposable elements, natural populations.
Condition and perspective use of genotypic labeling in animals breeding
Kopylov K.V.P.91-98
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The main aspects of the state-of-the-art and expediency of the modern molecular and genetic methods application for stockbreeding in Ukraine were highlighted. The most important methodical aspects of effective animal typing by molecular and genetic markers were considered thus enabling to supplement the traditional methods of selection and assortment with the results of animal genotyping via DNA markers.
Key words: DNA-technology, QTL, Marker Assisted Selection – MAS, DNA markers.
Supernumerary or B-chromosomes in plants. Origin and biological implication
Kunakh V.A.P.99-139
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Current data concerning the origin and biological implication of plant B-chromosomes, their constitution and molecular evolution, details of transmission, dynamics and numerical polymorphisms as well as the prospects for further studies have been reviewed. Applied aspects for B-chromosomes use in genetic mapping, investigating into centromere arrangement, modulation of recombination events within the A genome, alopolyploid diploidization, artificial chromosome designing were analyzed. Author's views and proposals relative to B-chromosomes role in adaptation events of plants were set forth.
Key words: B-chromosome, plant genome evolution, chromosome polymorphism, adaptations.
Gametocidal genes of Aegilops L. species
Mankovska О.S., Antonyuk М.Z.P.140-153
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The review of world literature, devoted to gametocidal chromosomes and gametocidal genes is done. The history of gametocidal chromosomes investigation and supposed mode of gametocidal genes action are presented. The information considering gametocidal genes diversity and their characteristics in different Aegilops species is represented. The gametocidal genes action is characterized. The information about gametocidal genes suppressors is summarized. Some examples of gametocidal genes utilization for wheat lines with chromosomal rearrangements development and their use for deletion mapping in wheat and other Triticeae genetics are demonstrated. The promise of gametocidal genes usage as one of chromosome rearrangements induction mechanisms in chromosomal engineering works is outlined.
Key words: gametocidal chromosome, gametocidal genes, Aegilops, chromosomal rearrangements.
Mobile genetic elements in plants
Shpilchin V.V., Ternovskaya Т.К.P.154-164
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The article gives an overview of the currently available data on transposons, mobile genetic elements presently recorded in the genomes of most plant species that have been studied in order to detect transposons. The transposon properties shared by DNA transposons and retroelements are indicated. The structure and behavioral peculiarities of class 1 and class 2 transposons are characterized. The mechanisms for amplification of mobile elements pertaining to both classes in the genome are studied. The article explains the differences between autonomous and non-autonomous transposons and mentions some aspects of transposon activity regulation.
Key words: class 1 transposons, class 2 transposons, автономні, autonomous, non-autonomous, transposon activity.
Genetic instability of mammalian cells in vitro
Iatsyshyna A.P.P.165-178
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The mammalian cell lines, including lines of human stem cells, are widely used in different fundamental investigations, biotechnology and regenerative medicine. The aim of the given review was the analysis of the research data on genomic instability of in vitro cultivated cell populations. The mammalian cell lines, including stem cells, were shown to accumulate the genetic and epigenetic changes during long-term in vitro culture that raises debatable questions about expediency of using the cultivated cells in regenerative medicine and possible consequences of such therapy, as well as the necessity for constant careful testing of cells etc.
Key words: mammalian cell lines, stem cells, genetic instability, epigenetic instability.
Anniversaries
An outstanding scholar and teacher Professor Nikolai N. Kolesnik - to the 105th anniversary of the birth
P.179-184
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Academician Aleksei Alekseievich Sozinov - to 80-th anniversary
P.185-186
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Obituaries
Information
The evolution of the natural and cultivated plants
Kosenko I.S., Opalko A.I.P.189-194
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During meetings of the International scientific conference “Evolution of the natural and cultivated plants” to devoted a 200-year from the day of birth of Charles Darwin topical problems of the evolutional theory are discussed, including botany, physiology of plants, introduction of plants, genetics and breeding of plants, ecology, preventing the loss of global and local biodiversity, arboriculture, forest-growing and other biological sciences.
Key words: genealogy, decorative gardening, epigenetic process, introduction, landscape architecture, natural and cultural flora, synthetic theory of evolution.
International Scientific Conference “Actual problems of applied genetics, breeding and biotechnology of plants“ in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of Charles Darwin and the 200th anniversary of Nikitsky Botanical Gardens
Mitrofanova I.V.С.195-197
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