In this issue:
Original papers
Nucleolus activity in sprout meristem of scotch pine plus trees
Voitiuk V.P., Andreeva V.V.P.177-183
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The cytogenetic studies on root meristem of Scotch pine plus tree clones with the purpose of establishment of differences between individual clones and senescence effect on nucleolus activity of sprouts have been conducted. Considerable variability in nucleus nucleoli number within the root was revealed. Individual clones were found to differ significantly between each other by the mean number of nucleoli within the cell, average nucleoli volume and proportion of cells showing high index of ratio total nucleoli area to cell area.
Key words: nucleolus activity, plus tree, Scotch pine.
Calibration curves plotting in cytogenetic dosimetry
Diomina E.A., Demchenko E.N., Barilyak I.R.P.184-190
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The model of linear spline regression was demonstrated to be preferable for interpretation of dose dependence character at the low dose rates. Reducing the level of radiation induced chromosome aberrations radioprotector inosin (riboxin) ‘abrogates’ the plateau altering the abnormal character of ‘dose-effect’ curve that is specific for the region of low dose ionizing irradiation.
Key words: spline regression models, dosimetry, chromosome aberrations, riboxin.
Mycoflora specific composition of winter wheat seeds in different phases of ontogenesis
Kovalyshyn A.B., Kovalyshyna H.M.P.191-197
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A number of winter wheat cultivars taken in different phases of ontogenesis were studied concerning seed intrusion by fungous microflora. Agents’ specific composition was determined. In each phase of its formation the seed was found to be distinguished by particular set of fungal organisms.
Key words: winter wheat, seed, diseases, agents, nutrient medium, sort, specific composition, mycoflora, microorganisms, isolator, phases of ontogenesis.
Statistic parameters of adaptivity for yielding capacity of new genotypes of winter bread wheat
Kolomiyets’ L.A., Khomenko S.O., Kyrylenko V.V., Dergachov O.L., Basanets’ H.S.P.198-205
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Adaptive potential of winter wheat promising strains was assessed for productivity on final links of breeding process. Indices of homoeostatic, breeding value and stability for this trait were determined, comparative analysis of statistic indices was carried out, strains to be submitted to State Variety Testing were selected.
Key word: winter bread wheat, genotype, adaptivity, yielding capacity.
The analysis of the covariation in seed coloration and allozymous polymorphism of plants in populations of Scots pine from the southeast Ukraine
Korshikov I.I., Velikoridko O.I., Tunda S.N.P.206-210
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Allozymous variability on 21 locus of five groups of trees with black, brown, yellow, motley and beige coloration of the seeds allocated from natural populations Pinus sylvestris L. in the southeast of Ukraine has been studied. It is shown, that these groups differ on heterozygosity levels (?? = 21.2-23.3 %, ?? = 22.3-24.9 %) a little, but are characterized by high degree of genetic differentiation (DN=0.007-0.015, DNmean = 0.011).
Keywords: Pinus sylvestris L., coloration of seeds, allozymous variability, population, the southeast of Ukraine
Contingency of de- and differentiation processes of Nicotiana tabacum cells with modification of peroxidase gene expression
Kuzovkova (Lenets) A.A., Fomenko T.I., Berdichevets L.G.P.211-217
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Modification of isoenzyme spectrum for basic peroxidases (BP) upon realization of cell de- and differentiation genetic programs in various tissues of Nicotiana tabacum has been studied. Most BP isoforms of leaf and stem tobacco explants were found to exhibit tissue specifity and this property is maintained in the primary dedifferentiated rissues, derived from these explants. Morphogenesis events in leaf callus are accompanied by initiation of specific BP expression, not found in stem callus under the same conditions. There were revealed isoforms shared by the processes of cell differentiation and dedifferentiation and isoforms that present markers of these processes. BP with Rf 0.14 and 0.21 appear to be markers of dedifferentiation, while BP with Rf 0.26; 0.51 and 0.65 suggests the complete tobacco cell differentiation.
Key words: tobacco, differentiation / dedifferentiation tissues, peroxidases.
Details of Antarctic tundra in two ecological gradients conditions
Parnikoza I.Yu., Smykla J., Kozeretska I.A., Kunakh V.A.P.218-226
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A comparative study has been carried out on the composition of Antarctic herb tundra under two environmental gradients – from the ocean coast to the glacier and one depending on the distance from a penguin colony – in Point Thomas Oasis on the King George Island, the South Shetland Islands archipelago, Maritime Antarctic. Results of this comparison indicate that in case of the gradient caused by proximity of the penguin colony, only local transformation of the Antarctic herb tundra formation is concerned. Such transformation provides for appearance of new varieties of the studied formation, presumably at the level of sociation.
Key words: Antarctic herb tundra formation, ecological gradient, King George Island, maritime Antarctica.
Interaction of plant extracts components with protein-porin of external membrane of bacterial cell
Pererva T.P., Miryuta A.Yu., Moisa L.N., Mozhylevskaya L.P., Kunakh V.A.P.227-233
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Components of three investigated plant extracts from Ungernia victoris, Rhodiola rosea and Poliscias filicifolia interact with OmpC protein-porin of external membrane of Escherihia coli cell envelope and do not interact with its other surface structures – LPS-complex, LamB and OmpA proteins. The possibility of interaction of plant extracts components with other protein-porins described for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems is not excluded.
Key words: protein-porins of E.coli, bacteriophages, plant extracts.
Expression of reporter gene uidA under control of Apx2 promoter fragments in Arabidopsis thaliana upon salt stress
Pyrizhok R.Yu., Volkov R.A., Panchuk I.I.P.234-241
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Promoter deletion analysis was applied for mapping of sequence elements responsible for the induction of the gene coding for ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) of Arabidopsis thaliana upon salt stress. Different fragments of Apx2 promoter were fused with the reporter gene uidAand resultant constructs were transferred in Arabidopsis thaliana plants via Agrobacterium. Transgenous plants were treated with 50 or 100 ?? NaCl solutions. After treatment the Apx2 promoter was activated in the guard cells, gidatods and in vascular and mesophilic tissues of leaves. The same expression pattern was also observed after application of 10 and 50 mM CaCl2 indicating involvement of the Ca-dependent signaling pathway in the induction of Apx2. Wounding of leaves significantly enhance the induction of Apx2 upon salt stress. Tissue-specificity of Apx2 transcription appears to be under the control of different promoter elements.
Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., ascorbate peroxidase, regulation of transcription, salt stress.
Cytology signs in estimation of plant reaction on stress
Popova I.S.P.242-248
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The stage of tetrad in meiosis of microsporogenesis and the pollen are characterized by certain forecasting abilities and can be used for express-estimation of antropogenic pressure upon the environment.
Key words: external anvironment, cytological monitoring, microsporogenesis, stage of tetrads, pollen.
Mutagenic and toxical properties of some sausage samples components in the Ames-test
Tkachova D.L., Dugan O.M.P.249-256
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The organic and non-organic fractions of the five smoked sausage samples have been tested by means of Ames Salmonella/microsome assay for the potential genetic activity evaluation. Experimental data have shown existence of direct and non-direct mutagens, bactericidal substances and the chemical substances which are able to induce gene mutations with the different mechanisms of action.
Key words: mutagens, heavy metals, sausages, S. typhimurium ??98, S. typhimurium ??100, gene mutations.
Genotyping of Ukrainian rider horse breed using panel of SSR-markers
Shelyov A.V., Spyrydonov V.G., Parii M.F., Melnychuk S.D.P.257-261
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The present study was to evaluate a parentage verification system for Ukrainian Rider horse breed using 14 SSR- markers. A total number of 40 Ukrainian Rider horse including 13 foals for parentage verification were genotyped. The microsatellite loci showed extensive polymorphism with allele numbers ranging from 5 to 12 and polymorphism information content (PIC) values in the range 0.482 – 0.879. The analysis of these loci also revealed that they had a 99,999 % combined probability of exclusion (CPE) of false parentage. This study suggests that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage testing and individual identification of Ukrainian Rider horse breed.
Key words: Ukrainian Rider horse breed, SSR- markers, genotyping, parentage verification.
Natural selection of metabolic syndrome basic clinical components in modern conditions
Shtandel S.A., Barilyak I.R., Snegurskaya I.A., Miloslavskiy D.K., Khizhnyak O.O., Kravchun N.A., Levchenko T.P., Tikhonova T.M., Svetlova-Kovalenko H.A.P.262-268
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Differential fertility indexes of 2106 able-bodied women and 281 patients with essential hypertension, 244 with abdominal obesity, 537 type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated. Differential fertility and differential mortality analysis was carried out. It has been shown, that essential hypertension, abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus women leave more offspring with equal survival rate, than healthy ones. Natural selection positive direction may be one of the causes, which define the growth of this diseases prevalence in population.
Key words: essential hypertension, abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, selection, relative adaptability, prevalence in population.
Multiple mutations of winter wheat, determining economic-valuable characters
Eiges N.S., Kuznetzova N.L., Volchenko G.A, Artamonov V.D., Weisfeld L.I., Dolgova S.P., Kahrimanova N.N., Volchenko S.G.P.269-275
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By the method of chemical mutagenesis the wide variety of winter wheat was created, which incarnated in collection of mutants. The collection includes varieties and samples with the high productivity. They possess the frost-resistance, drought-resistance, high quality. Among mutants there are samples with high bakery properties, determined more by a genotype and less by external environment.
Kew words: economic valuable characters, winter wheat, mutagenesis, productivity, bakery properties, frost-resistance, drought-resistance, quality.
Reviews
Methods of genetic analysis for reproductive parameters of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)
Markova O.A., Atramentova L.O.P.276-288
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Trends were analyzed and the results on the genetic researches of budgerigars have been reviewed. The methods of the genetic analysis of reproductive parameters, adapted to the features of the breeding of this species in captivity, have been described. It was found, that budgerigar can be used as a model for study of the genetic aspects of reproductive biology of altricial birds.
Key words: genetic analysis, reproductive parameters, budgerigar.
Plastid transformation of Solanaceae: progress and perspective
Matvieieva N.A.P.289-304
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Designing of plants with transformed plastome is one of priority directions of modern genetic plants engineering. During last twenty years significant success in development of strategy of plastome transformation was achieved and practical steps towards transplastomic plants production were made. In this review the basic achievements in genetic engineering of Solanaceae plants (biolistic and PEG-induced transformation, somatic hybridization) and also the results in the construction of plants, producers of recombinant proteins are discussed.
Key words: Solanaceae, biotechnology, plastome transformation, recombinant proteins.
Personalities
Towards the synthesis: darwinism, genetics and Schmalhausen’s evolutionary concept (to 125th anniversary of I.I. Schmalhausen)
Dzeverin I.I.P.305-321
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The paper highlights the principal events from the biography of I.I. Schmalhausen (1984-1963), the author of classical researches in vertebrate comparative anatomy, developmental biology and evolutionary theory. As the organizer of science, Schmalhausen tried to keep high professional level and ethical values of a science under the totalitarian regime, uncompromisingly opposed the Lysenkoism. Schmalhausen developed the original version of Darwinism, in which he aspired to characterize evolution in terms of ontogenetic transformations in integrated organisms whereas in the concepts based on principles of genetics the evolution process was being described in terms of variation in gene frequencies. These positions have been gradually converging during the further development in the science of evolution.
Key words: I.I. Schmalhausen; evolution; organism integrity; Darwinism; genetics; Lysenkoism.
Anniversaries
Academician Dmytro Mykhailovych Grodzynskyi - to 80th anniversary of the birth
P.322-324
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Academician Yurii Mykhailovych Syvolap - to 70th anniversary of the birth
P.325-326
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Academician Yurii Yuriiovych Gleba - to 60th anniversary of the birth
P.327-328
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Obituaries
Oleksandr Mykhailovych Bugara (1948-2009)
P.331-332
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