Приховані ризики розповсюдження вселенців-ефемерофітів у аграрних біотопах України

  • Р. І. Бурда Institute for Evolutionary of Ecology, Nat. Acad. Sci. of Ukraine, Ukraine, 03143, Kyiv, Acad. Lebedeva str., 37

Анотація

Aim. This is a critical analysis of the list of alien species of unstable part of flora – ephemerophytes, and colonophytes of the agrarian habitats of the flatland part of Ukraine, and identify possible changes of biodiversity, that promote this alien species of vascular plants. Methods. The floristic comparative method was used. The ephemerophytes and colonophytes – alien species, which have not population else in the agrarian habitats, was studied. Results. The list of alien species of unstable part of flora – ephemerophytes, and colonophytes of the agrarian habitats comprises 296 species, 10 subspecies, 10 hybrids of vascular plants from 204 genera and 58 families. The comprehensive analysis revealed the following features in the structure of the alien fraction of flora: annual monocarp herbs (162 species, 51 %), eukenophytes (239 species, 75 %) and ergasiophytes (288 species, 91 %), prevail among them. Conclusions. The main vectors of penetration of alien species are certain: from a culture. The main number of species occupied into agrarian habitats with the intensive annual care of cereal crops fields, inter tilled crops fields, perennial herbs fields and habitats of rural settlements also. The hidden threats of rich and various on a structure unstable element of spontaneous flora of agrarian habitats are discussed.

Keywords: alien species, ephemerophyte, agrarian habitat, Ukraine.

Посилання

A Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species / eds.: McNeely J.A., Mooney H.A., Neville L.E., Schei P., Waage J.K. IUCN Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK, in collaboration with the Global Invasive Programme, 2001. 55 p.

Randall J.R., Morse L.E., Benton N., Hiebert R., Lu S., Killeffer T. The Invasive Species Assessment Protocol: A tool for creating regional and national lists of invasive non native plants that negatively impact biodiversity. Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. 2008. V. 1. P. 36–49.

Steffen K., Schrader G., Starfinger U., Brunel S., Sissons A. Pest risk analysis and invasive alien plants: progress through PRATIQUE. EPPO Bulletin. 2012. V. 42. P. 28–34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2338.2012.02539.x.

Heywood V.H., Sharrock S. European Code of Conduct for Botanic Gardens on Invasive Alien Species / Council of Europe, Strasbourg, Botanic Gardens Conservation. International, Richmond. Council of Europe Publishing, F-67075 Strasbourg. [60 p.]

Kodeks povedinky botanichnykh sadiv ta dendroparkiv Ukrainy shchodo invaziynykh chuzhoridnykh vydiv / Ukladachi: R.I. Burda, S.A. Prykhod'ko, A.A. Kuzemko, N.O. Bahrykova. K.; Donetsk, 2014. 20 p. [in Ukrainian]

Burda R.I. The frequency of alien plant species in anthropogenic habitats of the flatland part of Ukraine according to the latitudinal gradient. Ukr. botan. journ. 2013. V. 70(4). P. 58–63.

The Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved from: http://www.issg.org/database/welcome/

Chuzhoridni vydy flory Ukrainy: roky i avtory. Bibliohrafichnyy pokazhchyk». Vyp. 4 / Uporiadnyky: R.I. Burda, V.V. Protopopova, M.V. Shevera, O.O. Kucher. K., 2017. 106 p. Retrieved from: www.ieenas.org. [in Ukrainian]

Mosiakin S.L. Rodyny i poriadky kvitkovykh roslyn flory Ukrainy: prahmatychna klasyfikatsiia ta polozhennia u filohenetychniy systemi. Ukr. botan. zhurn. 2013. V. 70(3). P. 289–307. [in Ukrainian]

The International Plant Name Index (IPNI). Retrieved from: http://www.ipni.org/index.html.

Home – The Plant List. Version 1.1 (September 2013). Retrieved from: http://www.theplantlist.org.

Davies C.E., Moss D., Hill M.O. EUNIS Habitat Classification. Final Report to the European Topic Centre on Nature Protection and Biodiversity. European Environment Agency. 2004. 310 p.

Didukh Ya.P., Fitsaylo T.V., Pashkevych N.A., Al'oshkina U.M. Biotopy lisovoi ta lisostepovoi zon Ukrainy / Red. Ya.P. Didukh. Kyiv: MAKROS, 2011. 288 p. [in Ukrainian]

Didukh Ya.P., Mala Yu.I., Pashkevych N.A., Fitsaylo T.V., Khodosovtsev O.Ie. Biotopy Hirs'koho Krymu / Red. Ya.P. Didukh. K.: Interservis, 2016. 292 p. [in Ukrainian]

Blackburn T.M., Essl F., Evans T., Hulme P.E., Jeschke J.M., Kuhn I., Kumschick S., Markova Z., Mrugała A., Nentwig W., Pergl J., Pyek P., Rabitsch W., Ricciardi A., Richardson D.M., Sendek A., Vila M., Wilson J.R.U., Winter M., Genovesi P., Bacher S. A Unified Classification of Alien Species Based on the Magnitude of their Environmental Impacts. PLOS Biology. 2014. V. 12(5). e1001850. P. 1–11. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001850.g001.