Микроэволюция и перспективы использования генома свиньи в селекции

Анотація

Purpose. The study and use in the selection process the genetic methods based on the achievements of
immune genetics, biochemical polymorphism and DNA technologies that allow to model and predict the processes of hybridization and breed formation in swine breeding are the main tasks of the investigation.
Methods. The morphological, immunogenetic, cytogenetic, biochemical and archaeological methods of
investigation have been used when studying microevolution of swine from Neolithic period to up-to-date  breed formation process. Results. The biological rate of evolution at different stages of domestication of the Sus order, the sources of genetic mutation have been defined. Conclusions. The general characteristic of the swine genome creates the possibility to estimate microevolutional processes in the population of wild and domestic swines from another point of view, to focus more on the selection process of the creation of new lines, hybrids and breeds with high level of productivity.

Key words: swine, phenotype, gene, selection.