О путях создания теории селекции и технологий эколого-генетического повышения продуктивности и урожая растений

Анотація

Aims. To determine which technologies of genetic improvement of economically important plants traits due dominate in future – transgenosis or management by genotype-environment interaction. Methods. In period 1984-2012 the theory of eco-genetic organization of plants quantitative traits (TEGOQT) was developed and 24 consequences from it were investigated. Main position of the theory: change of limiting factor of environment lead to change of spectrum and number of genes, which determine the same quantitative trait (QT). Main consequences from TEGOQT: decoded the mechanisms of forming and created methods of prognosis for: 1) effects of genotype-environment interaction (GEI), 2) rise of transgressions, 3) rise of ecologically dependence heterosis, 4) signs and levels of genotypical and environmental correlations, 5) displacements of dominance, 6) homeostasis of productivity and so forth. Results. It is shown that phenomenon GEI can to give maximal contribution to productivity and yield, but it disappear on molecular level. Becouse main way for increasing of productivity and yield - it is developing of management on the level GEI, but not on the level of classical mendelism and molecular transgenosis.

Key words: economically important plants, theory of eco-genetic organization of plants quantitative traits, transgenosis, management by genotype-environment interaction.