Inbreeding and its effect on the gene fund in dog breeding

Abstract

Aim. Identifying problems and approaches to dog breeding that emphasize the importance of the quality of parents and hereditary factors in determining the offspring's quality. Methods. Theoretical review of inbreeding and its impact on the gene pool in dog breeding, comparing it with outbreeding, and exploring natural selection mechanisms and their influence on animal reproduction. Results. The paper discusses the principles of selecting breeders in dog breeding and provides recommendations for avoiding mating dogs with deficiencies in a particular trait. It also highlights the study of genetic mechanisms and their impact on the inheritance of traits in dogs. Two main breeding methods are considered in animal husbandry – inbreeding and outbreeding. The study findings indicate types of inbreeding and their influence on the genetic homogeneity of the offspring. Conclusions. The breeder must clearly define the type of dog he wants to obtain, specifying desired characteristics such as appearance, health, and temperament. In the initial stages, the breeder must achieve stability in breeding offspring with desired characteristics, creating animals with a typical temperament. After achieving stability, one can begin fine-tuning specific traits by selecting for improvements in breed aspects. A dog should be viewed as a holistic system, striving for overall correctness and balance, paying attention to the interrelation between different aspects. The breeder must ensure the preservation of unique breed characteristics during selection. Effective selection involves careful planning, observation, evaluation, and collaboration with experienced veterinarians and breed specialists.