Identification of winter common wheat samples of Kharkiv breeding by protein markers
Abstract
Aim. Identification of new winter wheat breeding material developed in Kharkiv by electrophoretic patterns of storage proteins to select the most promising lines. Methods. Protein fractionation was performed by APAG- and SDS-electrophoresis. Results. The genotypes of winter wheat samples of the competitive variety trial at seven storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Gli-A3, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were studied. We identified eight alleles at the Gli-A1 locus, seven at Gli-B1, five at Gli-D1, four at Gli-A3, five at Glu-B1, three at Glu-A1, and two at Glu-D1. Most of the identified alleles are typical for Ukrainian winter wheat varieties. Along with them, theree were lines with introgressed alleles marking for the wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS. The biotype of the line Erythrospermum 484-19 carries an introgressed allele from Ae. tauschii at the Gli-D1 locus. Conclusions. According to field and laboratory trials of samples, there were neither significant advantages nor disadvantages of lines with wheat-rye translocations compared to lines without translocations (typical for the East Forest-Steppe zone). The promising line of the use of the 1AL/RS or 1BL/RS translocations (carrying disease resistance genes) is their coupling with the allele Glu-B1al associated with high grain quality.
Keywords: winter wheat, storage proteins, alleles, translocations.
References
Sozinov A.A. Protein polymorphism and its importance in genetics and breeding. M: Nauka, 1985. 272 p. [in Russian]
Novoselskaya-Dragovich A.Yu. Genetics and genomics of wheat: Storage proteins, ecological plasticity, and immunity. Russian Journal of Genetics. 2015. Vol. 51 (5). Р. 476–490. doi: 10.1134/S102279541505004X.
Morgun B.V. State and perspectives of wheat-rye translocations use in winter wheat breeding. Plant Physiology and Genetics. 2016. Vol. 48 (4). Р. 324–343. [in Ukrainian]
Rabinovich S.V. Importance of wheat-rye translocations for breeding modern cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. Euphytica. 1998. Vol. 100. P. 323–340. doi: 10.1023/A:1018361819215.
Howell T., Hale I., Jankuloski L., Bonafede M., Gilbert M., Dubcovsky J. Mapping a region within the 1RS.1BL translocation in common wheat affecting grain yield and canopy water status. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2014. Vol. 127. P. 2695–2709. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2408-6.
Purnhauser L., Bóna L., Láng L. Occurrence of 1BL.1RS wheat-rye chromosome translocation and of Sr36/Pm6 resistance gene cluster in wheat cultivars registered in Hungary. Euphytica. 2011. Vol. 179. Р. 287–295. doi: 10.1007/s10681-010-0312-y.
McIntosh R.A. Catalogue of Gene Symbols. Gene Catalogue 2013. Retrieved from: https://shigen.nig.ac.jp/wheat/komugi/genes/macgene/2013/GeneSymbol.pdf.
Pretorius Z.A. Detection of virulence to wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr31 in Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Uganda. Plant Disease. 2000. Vol. 84 (2). P. 203. doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.2.203B.
Kozub N.O., Bidnyk G.Ya., Demyanova N.O., Sozinov I.O., Sozinov O.O. Identification of common wheat varieties that are potentially resistant to stemrust race Ug99 using biochemical markers. Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2010. Vol. 56. Р. 71–81 [in Ukrainian]
Lytvynenko N., Topal N. Genetic factor of positive effect on quality of grain at lines of soft winter wheat with a rye transloca-tion of 1AL/1RS. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 2014. № 5. Р. 36–42. [in Ukrainian]
Kozub N.A., Sozinov I.A., Sobko T.A. Variation at storage protein loci in winter common wheat cultivars of the Central For-est-Steppe of Ukraine. Cytology and Genetics. 2009. Vol. 43 (1). P. 55–62.
Sobko T.A., Poperelya F.A. The frequency of alleles of gliadin coding loci in common winter wheat cultivars. Visnyk Sil-skogospod. naukі. 1986. Vol. 5. P. 84–87. [in Ukrainian]
Kozub N.O., Sozinov I.O., Chaika V.M., Sozinova O.I., Janse L.A., Blume Ya.B. Changes in Allele Frequencies at Storage Protein Loci of Winter Common Wheat under Climate Change. Cytol Genet. 2020. Vol. 54 (4). Р. 305–317. doi: 10.3103/S0095452720040076.
Laemmli U.K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970. Vol. 227 (5259). P. 680–685.
Payne P., Lawrence G. Catalogue of alleles for the complex gene loci, Glu-A1, Glu- B1, Glu-D1 which code for high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin in hexaploid wheat. Cereal Res. Communs. 1983. Vol. 11 (1). P. 29–34.
Metakovsky E., Melnik V., Rodriguez-Quijano M., Upelniek V., Carrillo J.M. A catalog of gliadin alleles: Polymorphism of 20-th century common wheat germplasm. The Crop Journal. 2018. Vol. 6 (6). P. 628–641. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.02.003.
