Investigation of phytotoxic effects of fullerene С60 with the use of Allium-test

  • A. Yu. Buziashvili Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine, 04123, Kyiv, Baidy Vyshnevetskoho str., 2A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-5401
  • O. V. Melnychuk Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine, 04123, Kyiv, Baidy Vyshnevetskoho str., 2A
  • S. V. Prylutska National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, 03041, Kyiv, Heroiv Oborony str., 13 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-8341
  • A. I. Yemets Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine, 04123, Kyiv, Baidy Vyshnevetskoho str., 2A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-0705
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v34.1630
Keywords: carbon nanomaterials, fullerene С60, Allium cepa, genotoxicity

Abstract

Aim. To investigate the cytogenetic effects of water-soluble fullerene C60 with the use of Allium test. To study the influence of various concentrations of fullerene С60 on the morpho-physiological parameters of A. cepa. Methods. The influence of different concentrations of fullerene С60 (25–100 μg/ml) on the induction of root formation and their growth, as well as its cytogenetic effects on the meristematic cells of root apices, were investigated. Results. It was found that fullerene C60 at concentrations of 50 and 75 μg/ml induced root formation and stimulated root growth, though causing minor deformations. Also, it was shown that fullerene С60 disrupts the progression of various phases of mitosis in the meristematic cells of roots, along with the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations at all investigated concentrations. Conclusions. The cytogenetic effects of water-soluble fullerene C60 were investigated for the first time using the Allium-test. Both positive effects on the morphophysiological parameters of A. cepa and its genotoxicity were demonstrated, which could indicate the disruptions in the mechanisms of spindle formation.

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