Influence of sodium chloride on morphophysiological characteristics of wheat and maize plants

  • M. A. Khanishova Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan, AZ1073, Baku, Izzat Nabiyev, 11
  • K. R. Tagieva Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan, AZ1073, Baku, Izzat Nabiyev, 11
  • I. V. Azizov Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan, AZ1073, Baku, Izzat Nabiyev, 11 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-3923
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v33.1569
Keywords: wheat, corn, salt, chlorophyll, chloroplast, photosystem 2, tolerance

Abstract

Aim. The effect of sodium chloride on the physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat and maize genotypes, the identification of salinity-resistant varieties was studied. Wheat and maize plants were grown in pots in the soil with the addition of 0.5 % sodium chloride. To create new salt-tolerant varieties of wheat and maize, a comparative analysis of the morphophysiological parameters plants was carried out. Methods. Morphophysiological parameters such as growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, photochemical activty of chloroplasts and PSII activity have been studied in wheat and maize plant. Results. The effect of salt on the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, which are the main physiological indicators, is manifested in different ways in both plants. When studying salt-tolerance of plants, differences were detected in the relative amounts of chlorophyll (a+b), carotenoids, as well as the photochemical activity of chloroplasts and efficiency of PS 2. Conclusions. Among the varieties, according to all morphophysiological parameters, the most tolerant to the action of salt was the soft wheat variety Mirbashir-128, and the corn hybrid Belaya x Gurur.

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