Strong photosensitivity level doesn’t limit selection for high yield in winter bread wheat

  • A. F. Stelmakh Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigations of Nat. Acad. Agric. Sci. of Ukraine, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolska road, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-4249
  • V. I. Fait Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigations of Nat. Acad. Agric. Sci. of Ukraine, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolska road, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-341X
  • M. A. Litvinenko Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigations of Nat. Acad. Agric. Sci. of Ukraine, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolska road, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-6587
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v31.1490
Keywords: winter bread wheat, selection for yield, photosensitivity level, lack of connection

Abstract

Aim. The aim is to test the validity of home breeders assumption that strong photosensitivity in winter bread wheat limits the possibility of breeding improvement for productivity. Methods. Estimation of photosensitivity levels in modern high-yielding foreign cultivars (mainly from Western Europe) and in the set of F5 hybrids with photosensitivity diversity, which were selected only for relatively high yields. Results. Among the modern high-yielding foreign cultivars recommended for cultivation in Ukraine, carriers of strong photosensitivity have been identified with a significantly high frequency (up to 33.3 ± 0.75 %). In contrast, almost all modern Ukrainian cultivars are weakly photosensitive. When selecting in Odessa environment only the best-yielding families and lines from hybrid combinations, in which parents clearly differed in photosensitivity levels, F5 did not show a shift towards reducing the frequency of highly photosensitive phenotypes. It was statistically consistent with random variation without selection. Conclusions. High photosensitivity does not limit the efforts of breeders to improve the productivity potential of winter bread wheat. And for certain growing regions of this crop, it can be a factor in better environmental adaptability to get a real yield.

References

Fait V.I. Frost resistance and yield of some winter bread wheat cultivars. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 2005. No. 11. P. 25–29. [In Ukrainian]

Musich V.M., Pylniev V.V., Nefodov O.V., Rabinovich S.V. Photoperiodic sensitivity and adaptability of various winter wheat cultivars in the south of Ukraine: Realizatsiia potentsiinykh mozhlyvostei sortiv ta hibrydiv Selektsiino-henetychnoho instytutu v umovakh Ukrainy. Odesa. 1996. P. 76–83. [In Ukrainian]

Lytvynenko M.A. 100-year history of the development of winter bread wheat breeding programs. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2016. No. 2. P. 75–82. [in Ukrainian]

Chebotar G.O., Chebotar S.V., Motsnyy I.I., Sivolap Yu.M. Clarification of the Rht8 - Ppd-D1 genes linkage on the 2D chromo-some of winter bread wheat. Cytol. & Genet. 2013. Vol. 47 (2). P. 70–74. doi: 10.3103/S0095452713020047.

Worland A.J. The influence of flowering time genes on environmental adaptability in European wheats. Euphytica. 1996. Vol.89. P. 49–57. doi: 10.1007/BF00015718.

Chen F., Gao M., Zhang J., Zuo A., Shang X., Cui D. Molecular characterization of vernalization and response genes in bread wheat from the Yellow and Huai Valley of China. BMC Plant Biol. 2013. Vol. 13. P. 199. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-199.

Stelmakh A.F., Fayt V.I. Winter bread wheat adaptability may be improved by increasing photosensitivity and vernalization re-quirement. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats SHI – NTsNS. 2016. № 27. Р. 103–108. [in Russian]

Pirych A.V., Bulavka N.V., Yurchenko T.V. Photoperiodic sensitivity and vernalization requirement of winter wheat cultivars (Trticum aestivum L.) of Myronivka breeding. Grain Crops. 2018. Vol. 2 (2). Р. 261–266. doi: 10.31867/2523-4544/0034. [in Ukrainian]

Chebotar G., Bakuma A., Filimonov V., Chebotar S. Haplotypes of Ppd-D1 gene and alleles of Ppd-A1 and Ppd-B1 in Ukrainian bread wheat varieties. News of the Lviv University. Series Biology. 2019. No. 80. Р. 82–89. doi: 10.30970/vlubs.2019.80.10.

Fayt V.I., Balashova I.A., Fedorova V.R., Balvinska M.S. Identification of bread wheat Ppd-genotypes by genetic and STS-PCR analysis. Fiziologiia rastenii i genetika. 2014. Vol. 46 (4). P. 325–336. [in Russian]

Fayt V.I. Identification of winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) gene pool for the genes of vernalization requirement dura-tion (Vrd). Genetičnì resursi roslin. 2012. No. 10/11. Р. 212–219. [in Ukrainian]

Worland A.J., Börner A., Korzun V., Li W.M., Petrovíc S., Sayers E.J. The influence of photoperiod genes on the adaptability of European winter wheat. Euphytica. 1998. Vol. 100 (1). Р. 385–394. doi: 10.1023/A:1018327700985.

Grogan S.M., Brown-Guedira G., Haley S.D., McMaster G.S., Reid S.D., Smith J., Byrne P.F. Allelic variation in developmen-tal genes and effects on winter wheat heading date in the US Great Plains. PLOS One. 2016. Vol. 11 (4). e 0152852. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152852.

Stelmakh A.F., Lytvynenko M.A., Lamari N.P., Fait V.I., Khomenko T.M. On the informativeness of yields estimates in winter bread wheat cultivars at the state varietal testing. The Newest Agritechnologies: Proc. 1st Int. Applied Sci. Conf. Kyiv, September 10, 2020. Vinnytsia: TOV «TVORU», 2020. P. 23–24. [in Russian]