Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions

  • І. І. Моtsnyi Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1812-9481
  • O. O. Molodchenkova Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-0866
  • T. P. Nargan Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8134-7975
  • M. Yu. Nakonechnyi Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2071-3617
  • S. Ph. Lyfenko Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2192-9199
  • J. S. Fanin Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar investigations, Ukraine, 65036, Odesa, Ovidiopolskaya doroga, 3
  • L. Т. Міshchеnко Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Educational and Scientific Centre "Institute of Biology and Medicine", Ukraine, 01601, Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64/13 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0697-6971
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v31.1487
Keywords: wheat, disease resistance, drought resistance index, protein content

Abstract

Aim. To determine the breeding value of wheat wide hybridization derivatives by studying the resistance to diseases, protein content and yield, productivity and drought resistance index. Methods. Growing plants in favorable conditions, environments of acute drought and under infection background of wheat rusts was combined with the laboratory methods for determining weight of 1000 kernels and protein content. Results. Disease resistance has depended on the pathogen species and the source of alien variability. The drought resistance index is mainly determined by the yield of the material in drought conditions (r = –0.65***) and to a lesser extent depends on the yield under normal environments (r = 0.27**). Conclusions. Resistance to leaf or yellow rust has been successfully transferred from all sources involved in hybridization, but to stem rust – mainly from the sample, containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and T. timopheevii in pedigree. When determining the drought resistance of the material, it is necessary to take into account not only the drought resistance index, but also its yield in favorable environments. The parameters of protein yield and absolute protein content in 1000 kernels should be used for the selection of promising breeding lines. The perspective lines with group disease resistance, high values of WTK, protein content, yield and drought resistance have been selected. Lines with leaf pubescence from T. timopheevii were characterized by low productivity.

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