The role of scientific breeding in increasing of the potential possibilities of drug-free sowing hemp

  • V. H. Vyrovets
  • I. M. Layko
  • S. V. Mishchenko
  • L. M. Horshkova
  • H. I. Kyrychenko
  • H. M. Layko
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v27.1301

Abstract

Aim. An ancient dream of hemp farmers was the breeding of new varieties of monoecious hemp. The unexpected problem of hemp production has arisen the need to attract scientific breeding to create the world's first non-narcotic highly productive hemp. Methods. Measures of unconscious selection of plants in the period of threshing under the name "sichka" and "molochka" served as a prototype. The development of breeding methods was carried out in parallel to solve the problems of increasing the fiber content in the stems, the simultaneity of maturation, the creation of a new monoecious form of hemp, increase the yield of fiber and seeds and the removal of narcotically neutral new varieties. Results. Breeders of different generations researched and created new high-performance non-narcotic varieties of dioecious, simultaneously ripening and monoecious hemp varieties such as Hlukhivski 1, Hlukhivski 10, US 6, USO 1, USO 14, USO 16, Dniprovski odnodomni 6, USO 31, Hliana, Hlesia and others. Conclusions. Many years of cultivation of hemp and the creation of all new varieties of them showed that with a long substantiated study of this culture it is possible to obtain new information as yet unknown, due to the versatile differentiation of this culture by sexual types, openly showing the morphological and biological features of the sexes, representing gender forms that gradually change into one another, bringing researchers closer to new discoveries in genetics.

Keywords: hemp, hemp forms, methods and ways of breeding, breeding varieties.

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