Amino acid replacements of the polymorphic locuses of the hemaglutinin, neuraminidasa and nucleoprotein genes of the influenza virus A strains H1N1 and H7N9

  • S. V. Buriachenko
  • B. T. Stegniy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v26.1238

Abstract

Aim. Significant variability contributing to the formation of highly virulent variants, widespread distribution in natural reservoirs, the ability to overcome interspecific barriers and the ease of the airborne pathway contribute to the development of epidemics and pandemics of respiratory infections. Determination of polymorphic sites and type of polymorphism of the investigated virus subtype gene sequences will allow to determine amino acid substitutions and to establish RNA targets for genotyping. Methods. The analysis was performed on the nucleotide sequences of genes HA, NA and NP of strains H1N1 and H7N9 of avian influenza A virus obtained from the NCBI base. Amino acid sequences of genes were obtained by translation of nucleotide gene sequences using MEGA 6. Polymorphic loci and cluster analysis were performed using MEGA 6 using the ClustalW algorithm.Results. The nucleotide sequences of HA, NA and NP genes were investigated, as well as their translation products inavian influenza A strains H1N1 and H7N9. The polymorphic regions and type of polymorphism of the sequences were determined. Conclusions. Polymorphism regions were detected on the nucleotide sequences of the HA, NA, and NP genes (H1N1 and H7N9 strains) and their translation products. The polymorphism of the HA, NA, and NP genes (strain H1N1) is shown to be higher than the polymorphism of HA, NA, and NP (strain H7N9) due to the presence in the first significant number of synonymous triplets.

Keywords: influenza A virus, hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, nucleoprotein, polymorphism.

References

Allison A.B., Ballard J.R., Tesh R.B., Brown J.D., Ruder M.G., Keel M.K.,. Munk B.A, Mickley R.M., Gibbs S.E.J., Travassos da Rosa A.P.A., Ellis J.C., Ip H.S., Shearn-Bochsler V.I., Rogers M.B., Ghedin E., Holmes E.C., Parrish C.R., Dwyerj C. Cyclic Avian Mass Mortality in the Northeastern United States Is Associated with a Novel Orthomyxovirus. J Virol. 2015. V. 89 (2). P. 1389-1403. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02019-14

Wu C., Lin C., Tsai T., Lee C., Chuang H., Chen J., Tsai M., Chen B., Lo P., Liu C., Shivatare V., Wong C. Influenza A surface glycosylation and vaccine design. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017. V. 114 (2). P. 280-285. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1617174114

Tada T., Suzuki K., Sakurai Y., Kubo M., Okada H., Itoh T., Tsukamoto K. Emergence of Avian Influenza Viruses with Enhanced Transcription Activity by a Single Amino Acid Substitution in the Nucleoprotein during Replication in Chicken Brains. J Virol. 2011. V. 85 (19). P. 10354-10363. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00605-11

Ozawa M., Kawaoka Y. Crosstalk between animal and human influenza viruses. Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2013. V. 1. P. 21-42. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-031412-103733

Staats C.B., Webster R.G., Webby R.J. Diversity of influenza viruses in swine and the emergence of a novel human pandemic influenza A (H1N1). Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2009. V. 3 (5). P. 207-213. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00096.x

Dukhovlinov I., Al-Shekhadat R., Fedorova E., Stepanova L., Potapchuk M., Repko I., Rusova O., Orlov A., Tsybalova L., Kiselev O. Study of immunogenicity of recombinant proteins based on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase conservative epitopes of Influenza A virus. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. 2013. V. 19. P. 221-227. doi: 10.12659/MSMBR.884002

Taubenberger J.K., Kash J.C. Influenza Virus Evolution, Host Adaptation and Pandemic Formation. Cell Host Microbe. 2010. V. 7 (6). P. 440-451. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2010.05.009

Webster R.G., Bean W.J., Gorman O.T., Chambers T.M., Kawaoka Y. Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. Microbiol Rev. 1992. V. 56 (1). P. 152-179. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.56.1.152-179.1992

Duvvuri V.R., Cuff W.R., Wu G.E., Wu J. Role of positive selection pressure on the evolution of H5N1 hemagglutinin. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2009. V. 7 (1-2). P. 47-56. doi: 10.1016/S1672-0229(08)60032-7

National Center for Biotechnology Information Search database. Accessed from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Tamura K., Peterson D., Peterson N. MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2011. V. 28 (10). P. 2731-2739. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msr121

Smith S., Waterman M. Identification of Common Molecular Subsequences. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1981. No 147. P. 195-197. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90087-5

Efron B. Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife. Ann. Statist. 1979. V. 7 (1). P. 1-26. doi: 10.1214/aos/1176344552