Evaluation of heterosis and type of inheritance for length of guard cells in F1 Triticum aestivum L. hybrids under field conditions

  • Н. П. Ламари Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation Ukraine, 65036, Odessa, Ovidiopolskaya road, 3
  • В. И. Файт Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation Ukraine, 65036, Odessa, Ovidiopolskaya road, 3

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the inheritance of the guard cell stomata length (SGC) in Triticum aestivum L. varieties and F1 hybrids under field conditions. Methods. Field evaluation methods, microscopic analysis of leaf epidermis and biometric methods of genetics were used. Results. Lesser moisture conditions have reduced the genetic variation of the SGC length by 38% in cultivars, and by 8% in F1 hybrids. Also in these conditions, were fixed maximum values for degree of dominance of the lesser (-33.5) and larger (29.2) cell lengths in hybrids. Maximum values of heterosis were revealed in greater moisture. Conclusions. It is established the predominant role of a genetic component in the variation of the trait "length of the guard cells” in cultivars and F1 hybrids. The influence of growth conditions on the direction and magnitude of heterosis effects and the degree of dominance for studied trait is emphasized.

Keywords: guard cells, heterosis, the degree of dominance, Triticum aestivum L.