Visnik ukrains'kogo tovaristva genetikiv i selekcioneriv

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Afterword to the XI Congress of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders of Ukraine

V. A. Kunakh — 2025-12-29

Differential expression of LEA-genes in chickpeas during drought

N. E. Volkova — 2025-12-29

Aim. To assess the role of LEA genes in chickpea by calculating the differential expression of the CapLEA-1 and CapLEA-2 genes under simulated drought conditions. Methods. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted in R (version 4.3.3) to evaluate the effects of genotype and growth conditions on the expression levels of CapLEA-1 and CapLEA-2, as well as their interaction; for post-hoc comparisons, the TukeyHSD() function from the base stats package was used. Twelve transcriptomes from the GenBank database were used, obtained from drought-sensitive and drought-resistant chickpea genotypes under control and simulated drought conditions. Results. The expression levels of CapLEA-1 and CapLEA-2 were found to be affected by stress conditions and genotype, though the degree of influence differed. For CapLEA-1, only trends towards genotype (p = 0.0940) and growth condition (p = 0.0639) effects were observed without significant interaction, whereas for CapLEA-2, growth conditions had a significant effect (p = 0.0444), while genotype and factor interaction only approached significance. Conclusions. ANOVA results indicated that the expression of CapLEA-1 and CapLEA-2 is influenced by stress and genotype, but to different extents: for CapLEA-1, only tendencies without significant interaction were noted, while for CapLEA-2, growth conditions had a significant effect (p = 0.0444). Post-hoc analysis confirmed increased expression of CapLEA-2 under stress conditions, suggesting its more active role in stress response and potential functional specificity relative to CapLEA-1.

Structure of microsatellite loci for genetic analysis of Ukrainian hazelnut varieties

A. M. Mishchenko — 2025-12-29

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural organization of nine microsatellite loci used for the characterization of Ukrainian hazelnut varieties, based on the analysis of PCR product sequencing data and sequences deposited in the NCBI GenBank database. Methods. PCR amplification with specific primers, cloning and sequencing of PCR products, bioinformatic analysis. Results. Four SSR loci were amplified and the obtained PCR products were cloned and sequenced. A search for allelic variants of nine SSR loci was also performed for five Corylus species. The structural organization and variability of the repetitive regions of these loci were investigated, and the frequency distribution of allelic variants was analyzed. Most loci have a conservative sequence and contain simple trinucleotide repeats; the number of repeat units determines the size of the corresponding variants. Three loci were found to have combined dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats or interrupted repeats, and some of the variants were found to have deletions and insertions. These structural features determine the complex nature of the size distribution of these loci variants. Conclusions. The structural organization of nine simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, which have been proposed for identifying Ukrainian hazelnut varieties, was identified. These features should be considered when interpreting the PCR analysis results.

A brief overview of freshwater species of naked amoebae genus Mayorella Schaeffer, 1926 (Amoebozoa; Discosea)

M. K. Patsyuk — 2025-12-29

Aim. Naked amoebae are widespread in water bodies and terrestrial biotopes. These organisms are difficult to reproduce in laboratory conditions and identify by morphological and genetic characteristics. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify species of naked amoebae of the genus Mayorella from water bodies in Ukraine, establish clonal cultures, identify them based on the 18S rRNA gene, and determine the position of these protists in the Amoebozoa phylogenetic tree. Methods. Reproduction of naked amoebae on non-nutrient agar-agar, establishment of clonal cultures, DNA sequencing, phylogenetic analysis. Results. Five species of naked amoebae of the genus Mayorella have been recorded in freshwater bodies in Ukraine: Mayorella cantabrigiensis, Mayorella vespertilioides, Mayorella penardi, Mayorella viridis, Mayorella sp. Based on the 18s rRNA gene, species identification Mayorella vespertilioides (OP739500) and Mayorella sp. (OP729930). In the constructed phylogenetic tree of Amoebozoa (based on 20 sequences of the 18S rRNA gene of different species of naked amoebae), representatives of the genus Mayorella form a separate cluster within Discosea. In addition, the Discosea group includes species from the orders Vannellida, Dactylopodida and Thecamoebida. The Tubulinea cluster groups together species of amoeba from the genera Amoeba, Chaos and Saccamoeba. Conclusions. Based on modern light microscopy and DNA sequencing, we have identified five species of naked amoebae of the genus Mayorella. Clonal cultures have been established for two species. In the phylogenetic tree, Mayorella-like amoebae are grouped within the Discosea molecular cluster.

Optimization of in vitro germination conditions for seeds of the rare species Ligularia sibirica cass. L. and Senecio besserianus minder. (Asteraceae)

I. P. Stashkiv — 2025-12-29

Aim. To select an effective sterilization protocol and optimize seed germination conditions for the rare and vulnerable species Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. and Senecio besserianus Minder., listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, for their subsequent introduction into in vitro culture and microclonal propagation. Methods. Four seed sterilization schemes were compared, and the effects of five variants of seed pre-sowing treatment (distilled water, indole-3-butyric acid, succinic acid, gibberellic acid, and bubbling) were tested, followed by inoculation on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium (MS/2). The following germination parameters were evaluated: final germination percentage (FGP), mean daily germination (MDG), mean germination time (MGT), and germination index (GI). Data were expressed as mean and standard error (M ± SE). The significance of differences between treatments was assessed at p < 0.05. Results. For both species, an effective sterilization scheme involved the use of 96 % ethanol, 15 % hydrogen peroxide, and a benomyl-based fungicide (systemic fungicide Fundazol), ensuring 100 % sterility. In L. sibirica, the highest germination parameters were recorded after pre-sowing treatment with succinic acid and indole-3-butyric acid (FGP 86.67 %). For S. besserianus, soaking in distilled water proved optimal (FGP 40 %). Gibberellic acid at the tested concentration (0.1 mg mL⁻¹) did not have a positive effect on seed germination in either species. Bubbling generally increased MGT and reduced GI. Conclusions. The proposed sterilization scheme using a benomyl-based fungicide provides reliable production of sterile and viable seed material of L. sibirica and S. besserianus. For S. besserianus, comparable results were obtained using a sterilization scheme based on 15 % hydrogen peroxide without benomyl. Based on four germination indexes succinic acid was the most effective stimulant of L. sibirica seed germination, whereas soaking in distilled water was optimal for S. besserianus.

Варіанти гену LEAFY в геномах українських зразків інвазійного виду Reynoutria sachalinensis

D. V. Yakobyshen — 2025-12-29

Highly variable nuclear genes, such as LEAFY, are an effective tool for identifying hybrid/heterozygous forms. However, the widely used method of direct sequencing of PCR products is not suitable for detecting possible intragenomic variants of these genes. Alternative approaches, such as Illumina sequencing of amplicons, make LEAFY genes promising markers for barcoding hybrid and polyploid plants. Important objects of such studies are invasive species of the Reynoutria genus, which include polyploid forms of hybrid origin. Aim. To characterize the polymorphism of the second intron of the LEAFY gene in Ukrainian samples of R. sachalinensis. Methods. PCR amplification, amplicon sequencing using the Illumina method, bioinformatic analysis. Results. Six haplotypes were identified in the genomes of three R. sachalinensis samples. One of these, H2, is common, while the others are specific to individual samples. Haplotypes H1 and H2 correspond to variants S1 and S2 previously identified in North American specimens. Haplotypes H3–H6 contain a mutation present in certain populations of the species primary range, on Hokkaido and Sakhalin, but is absent in North American specimens. Conclusions. Analysis of the second intron sequences of the LEAFY gene revealed intragenomic polymorphism in this region in Ukrainian R. sachalinensis specimens. The use of Illumina amplicon sequencing of the second intron of the LEAFY gene is a promising method for barcoding invasive populations of Reynoutria species.

Activities of the vice-president of the Vavilov society of geneticists and breeders of Ukraine, academician of NAAS Valerii Burkat (27.02.1939 – 09.11.2009)

O. V. Shcherbak — 2025-12-29

The paper highlights the core activities, key scientific achievements and contributions of Academician of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (NAAS) Valerii Burkat – one of the founders of the modern theory of breed formation and biotechnological selection, a well-known breeder, organizer and reformer of research in animal husbandry. He made a significant contribution to the development of national science and practice in the field of genetics and breeding as Vice President of NAAS, Academician-Secretary of the Department of Zootechnics of NAAS, Director of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M.V. Zubets of the NAAS, and Vice President of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders of Ukraine (UTGiS). His efforts promoted the justification of priority and promising directions in animal husbandry research, and increased its effectiveness. He participated in the development and implementation of scientific and technological programs and projects, and contributed to the introduction of new forms of scientific collaboration – scientific and methodological centers.

Hanna Valentynivna Yelska (on the occasion of her 85th birthday)

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Gennadiy Dmytrovych Telegeev (on the occassion of his 75th birthday)

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Oksana Vasylivna Dubrovna (on the occasion of her 65th birthday)

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Raisa Anatoliivna Vozhegova (on the occasion of her 60th birthday)

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Anatoliy Mykhaylovych Khokhlov (8.06.1938 – 16.01.2025)

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Vladlen Mykolayovych Totsky (14.12.1936 – 29.03.2025)

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Volodymyr Vasyliovych Morgun (10.03.1938 – 16.09.2025)

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XI Congress of the Vavilov society of geneticists and breeders of Ukraine and XX International scientific conference “Factors in experimental evolution of organisms”

I. I. Konvalyuk — 2025-12-29

International scientific conference "Chargaff Readings"

R. A. Volkov — 2025-12-29

II International scientific and practical conference "Molecular genetics, breeding, and biotechnology of crops: achievements and challenges", 12.11.2025, Odesa

N. E. Volkova — 2025-12-29

XXІ International scientific conference «Factors in experimental evolution of organisms». Information letter No 1

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Rules for authors

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